Serology International Employee Training Case Study

Serology International Employee Training - Case Study Example The human resource director, Dr. Tom Turblin has been assigned the role of selecting the most qualified employee to lead the new division that is going to be charged with the production of the kit. Dr. Tom will also be in charge of training him for the role. Dr. Tom decides that he will first begin with a re-evaluation of the academic qualification of all the employees that are employed by the firm. The exercise is going to be undertaken by an outsourced firm that deals with analysis and auditing. The exercise is going to cost Serology International around 60,000 US dollars. In addition, the outsourced auditing firm has notified Dr. Tom that the exercise will take three weeks. However, Dr. Tom wanted it completed as soon as possible, but he has already agreed to the deal. The firm identifies Scott Dickson as the most qualified employee. Thus, Dr. Tom decides to go through his file and record. He notes Scott has been the head of the Pipette production unit for the firm for a long time. His records show that in his tenure, there has been a considerable rate of return and innovation; hence paints him as an innovative individual. What about his leadership skills? After inquiring from the workers under his jurisdiction. They indicate that he is a leader who is always willing to listen and take part in the production stages. Moreover, he seeks to understand each employee on a personal level and gives credit where it is due. However, Scott has some shortcomings. One is that Scott has no prior experience in the production of DNA assessment kits. An aspect that worries Dr. Tom a lot. He has since decided to help him and work as his guide. His hope is that doing so will give Scott the confidence that is required to run the new division successfully. Scott is also be said to be high-tempered. He is emotional and has losses control easily.  

Conflict Resolution Essay Example for Free

Conflict Resolution Essay Leaders must learn how to deal with issues that may arise among their followers. Some of these issues may consist of the leader managing conflicts, handling communication challenges among team members, or addressing organizational communication needs. The communication process is important step for the transfer and understanding of meaning between individuals when working toward a goal together (Robbins Judge, 2013). With the correct style of communication utilized leaders can help to avoid conflicts among groups. Storybook #1 How would you react when a team member is being vague and trying to spin bad news to sound more positive, thereby making it harder for the team to actually approach and resolve the issue? Communication is an essential tool for the group’s success when working together as a team. When a team member chooses to be evasive or sugar coat issues or problems with a project can result in a missed deadline or complete failure depending on how bad the problem is. If a problem arises, the best thing to do is discuss it with the entire team as soon as possible to allow time to address the issue and come up with an alternative plan. How could you encourage someone to continue to voice his or her opinion or to share an idea when you know he or she is hesitant to do so? For someone who is hesitant to share his or her opinion or idea, leaders should encourage their participation by offering some their own opinions and ideas on the matter and asking a question or two regarding his or her thoughts. Through back and forth dialogue, slowly the leader would obtain the individuals ideas and opinions on the project. By obtaining everyone on the teams thoughts, a well-informed final decision can be made on how to proceed. By doing this, the reluctant team member will believe that they have contributed to the project. Storybook #2 As a manager, how would you relay an important negative message with as little impact on your team as possible? Why would you choose this method?  As a manager, delivering any negative message is a hard thing to do. It is even harder when you are trying to do it with little impact on your team.  Communicating a negative message is a difficult task and must be handled delicately to minimize the demotivating impact of the message. Negative message routinely pop up in the business world and can impact personal relationships. It is important for managers to determine the most appropriate way to deliver a negative message to employees. Managers can deliver bad news either with the direct approach or the indirect approach. The direct approach seems to be the best used when managers want to get to the point quickly and when the bad news is not too serious. When individuals compromise they are using a direct approach to resolving conflict by giving up something to gain something (Duggan Media, n.d.). The indirect approach is best used when you need to prepare the audience for what he or she is about to discover. This method is an excellent approach because it shows compassion and shows that the leader is actually making an effort to provide options. What is the best way to handle gossip before it spreads? The best way to handle gossip before it spreads it to try to catch it as it happens. Gossip usually spreads fast therefore; I would try to capture the gossip before it gets out of hand. As a manager, gossip is the negatively spreading of rumors about someone or something so by capturing the event is a great way to establish a nice working environment for everyone. How might you handle your team’s feelings after a negative situation has occurred that does not directly affect your team but affects others around them? There are several ways to handle a team’s feelings after a negative situation has occurred. As a manager, you have to know all your team’s personalities because everyone in a negative situation handles things differently. Some may need to be left alone whereas others need more of an explanation further on the negative situation. Handling negative feelings with a team depends on the team’s individual personalities. Storybook #3: What strategies would you use to help your team alleviate stress caused by deadlines before any conflict arises? Each day managers are confronted with scenarios that require attention. These can range from balancing a budget, customer service, and conflicts within teams. Managers must determine the best way to handle these situations on a case-by-case basis.  Managers must choose the best option based upon corporate culture, persons affected, and the nature of the scenario. Conflict in the workplace is inevitable and healthy. It breeds new ideas and creativity when handled properly. Conflict among teams that disrupts productivity and risks deadlines should be handled immediately. Allowing disruptive conflict in the workplace to linger, presents a threat of missed deadlines, which results in decreased revenue. This can devalue the company and the manager’s reputation, and cause the company to miss out on future opportunities for revenue in the marketplace. An important leadership responsibility is to interpret confusing events and build consensus around. Reacting to a disruptive conflict in the workplace immediately would demonstrate the manager taking on this important role. A leader immediately stepping in willing to meet with the individual’s one-on-one and as a whole to come to an agreement demonstrates what an effective leader he or she is. A manager could easily spend minutes, hours or even days trying to figure out what is standing in the way of a team coming together and successfully meeting their deadlines, but a great leader intervenes and help everybody come together to resolve conflicts to meet his or her deadlines. Multiple perspectives often conflict with one another and it is difficult to determine the best solution. Actions sometimes support one perspective. When faced with a dilemma the leader needs clarity in identifying varying perspectives to make the best decision. Opening a communication channel between emp loyees and management is a key step in establishing a comfortable environment. Conclusion Each of the Storybook scenarios demonstrates how leaders must use different methods of communication to avoid conflicts. Leaders must analyze the situation to determine which principle or style of communication is best suited for the particular circumstance. It is the leader’s responsibility to avoid conflicts among the group and to ensure that communication is being exchanged in the correct matter among team members. References Duggan, T., Media, D. (n.d.). Indirect Direct Approaches to Conflict. Retrieved from http://www.smallbusiness.chron.com Robbins, S. R., Judge, T. A. (2013). Organizational Behavior (15th ed.). Upper Saddle River, NJ: Pearson/Prentice Hall.

Impact Evaluation Of Telehealth On Patients Health Essay

Impact Evaluation Of Telehealth On Patients Health Essay This report will show how telehealth has an impact on patients but before future discussion I would like to define telehealth. Telehealth is the use of electronic information and telecommunications technologies to support long-distance clinical health care, patient and professional health-related education, public health, and health administration, and includes both the use of interactive, specialized equipment, for such purposes as health promotion, disease prevention, diagnosis, consultation, and/or therapy, and no interactive (or passive) communications, over means such as the Internet, e-mail, or fax lines, for communication of broad-based nutrition information that does not involve personalized nutrition recommendations or interventions (Busey Micheal, 2008). There are two more definitions I would like to add as following. Use of telecommunications to provide health information and services that is, a health related activity carried out at distance (Conrick , 2006). Telehealth refers to the use of telecommunication technology to remove time and distance barriers in the delivery of healthcare services (Artinian, 2007). Telehealth enables remote patient management. From many findings, study shows that patients with heart failure problem who get experience in weight increase or blood pressure would likely involve in negative medical outcomes including expensive hospitalization in later stage. But if the patients symptoms can be monitored on daily basis then disease can be diagnosed in early stages which can prevent expensive visit to hospital and patients life can be saved. Telehealth works as following. The evaluation of any information systems especially health information systems are recognized as a complex and challenging activity. There is no agreement on a best way to evaluate, on what and how to evaluate, who to involve, and within what paradigm to proceed (Klecun-Dabrowska Cornford, 2001). There are unique challenges for evaluators in telehealth services because they are not all the same and can be measured in separate and different terms. Technologies those are used in telehealth are not mature yet and some of them are still in prototyping stage. These telehealth services are developed by expert and passionate people who are working in the field of medical and other technologies which are related to telecommunication like recording, video conferencing. Strengths Telehealth has also enabled efficient distribution of information not only with the patients but also between health care providers who are divided either geographically or within the states. The Utilization this type of technology has been shown to be very cost effective and has proved in favorable health outcomes for chronically ill patients. (Fleming, 2007) Telehealth increases access to health care especially in remote areas where normal access of health care is difficult. It can act as a bridge between the patient and health provider to increase the delivery of care. One of the biggest strength of telehealth is its capability to be an extension of basic health care by enhancing access between the patient and their providers. With the help of telehealth we can have access to ultra specialized services without transferring the patient. The idea is not transferring patients if we can offer the service here. It doesnt make sense to transfer a patient only for a diagnosis when it can be done remotely (Gagnon, Duplantie, Fortin Landry, 2006). Telehealth is believed to produce significant savings for remote hospitals and for the health care system. For instance, teleconference can be used to attend administrative meetings, leading to substantial savings on travel costs. However, the redistribution of savings between organizations and levels of care is an important and complex issue (Gagnon et al, 2006). Telehealth can help to systematize on call duties on a regional level specialists like x-ray specialist. Therefore, as an alternative, sharing the responsibility for on call duties between specialists of a hospital, telehealth can allow a large number of specialist persons from different health care centers to cover whole region. According to Artinian (2007) Telehealth helps patients gain more flexibility in scheduling healthcare visits, provides easier and more convenient access to healthcare, and allows patients to have fewer time-consuming clinic visits. It also allows patients to receive care in a location that does not require the burden of transportation, and in an environment that is less threatening than a clinic or emergency department. Weaknesses There are many barriers in telehealth field. Some states do not allow its physicians to practice outside of the state without getting license from those states first. Reimbursement is also a big factor in this field as many insurers will not reimburse. According to Gustke et al (2000, as stated by Brown (2005)) fear of malpractice suites is another consideration for physicians, as is acceptance of the technology and lack of hands on interaction with patients, although most patient satisfaction studies to date find patients on the whole satisfied with long distance care. Lack of telecommunications technology is also a big problem in this field. As normal phone line can not supply high bandwidth and there are many rural areas where they do not have high speed cabling and can not get high bandwidth telecommunication for telehealth. Getting federal funds from the state is also a problem for telehealth projects. Telecommunication companies and technology manufacturers are competing with each other to produce low price tools and bandwidth needed. Need of telehealth Telehealth was developed because Challenges Telehealth has the potential to change healthcare delivery but faces many challenges in adoption. Despite the benefit of telehealth, the lack of reimbursement for telehealth is a major challenge in widespread adoption of telehealth. (Bushell, 2007 as stated by Change, 2007). With no financial incentive for healthcare providers to implement the technology, providers are likely to view telehealth as an increase in workload without a subsequent increase in pay (Bushell, 2007). The ethical issues unique to telehealth relate to the possible impact on the curing relationship which go outside the expected challenges of privacy and confidentially. The loss of touch, the potential for depersonalization, the potential for exploitation, the possible inequity when distributing the benefits of telehealth services, and the potential burden that this form of new technology may impose on sick and dying patients are some of the ethical concerns that should be considered. Future research and educational initiatives should explore areas of ethical concern that pertain to the innovative and burgeoning field of telehealth, and the potential for good and harm that may result. Potential themes include the following: à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¢ Improving health care access in underserved populations à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¢ Professional expectations in meeting a new, higher standard of car à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¢ Telemedicine as a potential new form of access discrimination à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¢ Technology as added burden for patients with chronic and terminal illness à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¢ When virtual visits replace actual visits à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¢ The impact of loosing touch on trust and the healing relationship à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¢ The risk of exploitation when using new and expensive technology à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¢ Depersonalization in the use of store and forward technology à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¢ Privacy and confidentiality issues (Fleming, 2007). The use of telehealth has raised many legal issues as well like licensing, liability and reimbursement. Data security is also a big concern in telehealth. As personal data is being transferred from patient to health provider, there is possibility of loss of data or could criminal access that should be considered and prevented. (Wootton, Patil, Scott and Ho, 2009) Bandwidth is also an issue, especially when high quality images need to transfer from patient to health care provider and getting the technical support needed to make sure telehealth networks are up and running around the clock is a major challenge for rural programs or those in small hospitals and practices. (Brian, 2009) Opportunities The health sector faces two opposing demands: firstly, it should provide extended and reasonable access to high quality health care services; secondly, it should also decrease or at least control the rising costs of health care. Telehealth assures and offers the promise of giving people equal access to high quality medical health care at reasonable and affordable cost. Information and communication technology has developed very rapidly in the last few years. There has been rapid growth of the telecommunication market and very fast circulation of the internet. Many hospitals have developed information systems which help to share information between different health care providers, and now health sharing networks are being developed in many countries to share health information. Population which is increasing very rapidly with insufficient health resources has produced demands to develop telehealth and the rapid development of information and communication technology has provided the opportunities to do so. (Wootton, Patil, Scott and Ho, 2009) A telehealth consortium led by the University of California, Office of the President and the UC Davis Health System was formed to create a statewide broadband system. ATT was selected to build a secure medical-grade telecommunications system as part of the California Telehealth Network (CTN). ATT with a three year $27 million contract will provide the Network Services to support the telehealth initiative (Bloch, 2010). According to Dr. Cathryn L. Nation, University of California Associate Vice President for Health Sciences and Services, the new network is also designed to address healthcare disparities in the state since millions of Californians live in rural and other medically underserved areas in the state where disparities in care exist. CTN will improve their access to quality healthcare services (Bloch, 2010). Plans call for the network to be a peer-to-peer system enabling each member to have reliable, high quality connections with public and nonprofit healthcare providers located in both rural and urban locations. The network will also provide opportunities for continuing education and distance learning for health professionals, along with access to clinical research, and the possibility of access to commercially hosted EHR systems (Bloch, 2010). Positive Impact Telehealth provides benefits to individual patients, their family members, health care providers, community organizations, governments and health care facilities. Telehealth expands health related skills across geographic barriers using information and communication technologies (Benefits of telehealth, 2007). It improves access to health care providers for remote and rural practitioners. It also provides great access to continuing medical education. It increases access to specialty services for rural patients. Using telehealth, patients can stay in their homes or community rather than travelling to hospitals. Telehealth can be used to decrease number of cancelled appointments due to weather and travel conditions. Telehealth reduces time for investigation, diagnosis and treatment through quicker consultations and patients can get real time second opinions (Benefits of telehealth, 2007). It can reduce the cost of healthcare and increase efficiency through reduced patient and provider travel, better management of chronic diseases and fewer as well shorter hospital stays. Remote monitoring and home telehealth have been demonstrated to improve disease management and reduce re-hospitalization and emergency department visits (Benefits of telehealth, 2007). In a study that evaluated cost savings among patients using telehealth services in rural Arkansas, investigators found that without the telehealth services, 94% of patients would travel greater than 70 miles for medical care, 84% would miss 1 day of work, and 74% would spend $75 to $150 for additional family expenses. With telehealth, 92% of patients saved $32 in fuel costs, 84% saved $100 in wages, and 74% saved $75 to $150 in family expenses (Artinian, 2007). Negative Impact There are many barriers in telehealth delivery. Implementation of telehealth infrastructure can be costly, time consuming and complicated initially. There is lack of information and communication technology usage among healthcare professionals in some areas. Telehealth is a complex matter. Organizational factor is another barrier to telehealth. A change is required for doctors and how hospitals operates which could be avoided by some provided by some professionals. There could be lack of staff with appropriate skills for telehealth. A lack of financial support is a major barrier in the research and development of telehealth. Many potential projects, especially in rural areas and in the developing world have been hampered by the lack of an adequate telecommunication infrastructure. Other barriers in telehealth are the legal and ethical issues. These include licensing, privacy and confidentially (Conrick, 2006). Reimbursement or the lack of it is also a barrier for possible telehealth practitioners and there are some ethical and legal issues about telehealth that need to be resolved. Stakeholders The main objective of telehealth today is to develop next generation telehealth tools and technologies to improve delivery of health care services in underserved areas using information and communication technologies. It also helps to decrease the cost of health care services and increase access to medical related services to the public. Key drivers for these tools and technologies are the need and interest to collaborate among telehealth stakeholders, including patients, patient communities, research funders, researchers, healthcare services providers, professional societies, industry, healthcare management/economists, and healthcare policy makers (Ackerman, Filart, Burgess, Lee Poropatich, 2010). Future of telehealth Telehealth is the future of home care. By its nature, telehealth relies on technology and technology is changing very rapidly these days. If we look at the history, new technologies emerged and then used by people to send information across long distances. The high access of mobile devices and different networks on global level means that mobile technologies can be used very efficiently in healthcare field in order to compensate the lack of resources problem. With the proliferation of mobile technologies, mobile health (mHealth) will play a vital role in the rapidly growing electronic health (eHealth) area. (Vatsalan, Arunatileka, Chapman, Senaviratne, Sudahar, Wijetileka Wickramasinghe, 2010). Due to the large number of mobile technologies adoption, telehealth can play a very important role in the rapidly growing electronic health care area and in future lots of the people will be using mobile devices to monitor their health any time. The future of telehealth will give advantages greatly from this technology innovation, especially in undeserved areas and old homes. Recent trends are beginning to push the demand for and the development of new technologies specific to the individual needs of telehealth applications (Brennan, Holtz, Chumbler, Kobb Rabinowitz, 2008) It is 2014 and Mrs Smith has ongoing trouble with her high blood pressure. One morning she wakes with a headache and worries that the reservoir of her implanted drug delivery system may be running down. Her bedside ambient health orb (see www.ambientdevices.com) is a reassuring green, but she turns to her video wall and asks Cyberdoc, how are my recent blood pressure levels? The simulated voice responds Your records show that the drug reservoir needs a refill in three weeks time. Your telemetered blood pressure readings have been under control for the past month and todays figures are normal. Your implanted blood sugar sensor shows normal readings too. Do you have some symptoms that you want to discuss? Meanwhile Mrs Smiths wall graphs her recent blood pressure readings, and a list of the most common 20 symptoms affecting people of her age group in the locality. She responds, No, dont worry. Remind me to book my repeat prescription (for a refill) in two weeks, please. (Wyatt Sulliva n, 2005) Conclusion Telehealth has signification potential to address a variety of healthcare problems especially in undeserved areas. Has significant potential to address a range of healthcare problems Need to resolve ethical issues Need protection of health information and privacy rights Need for higher speed and higher capacity telecommunications Government, professional groups in healthcare, and telecommunications industry need to work together to develop some standards Next-generation telehealth tools and technologies which use internet and its robust computational resources hold big promise for improving healthcare for the persons who are living in undeserved areas Next-generation telehealth tools and technologies that utilize the Internet and its robust computational resources hold great promise for improving healthcare for medically underserved populations, increasing access to specialty services at lower cost, enhancing health literacy, and expanding the healthcare workforce through virtual education and training. Realizing these benefits will require extensive and ongoing collaboration and coordination among stakeholders across the research and healthcare ecosystem. Communication, training, cultural sensitivity, and end-user customization are critical to success. Extending the traditional point-to-point telemedicine model to include newer cell phone and Internet-based telecommunications tools that are increasingly widespread and affordable, even in rural and remote locations, will be key to putting the person in personalized medicine and making research advances available to everyone. Furthermore, we must appreciate system complexity to rea lize the benefits of telehealth as it evolves toward increasing functionality, integration, interoperability, outreach, and quality of service. The balance of benefits and risks of eHealth for individual patients and clinicians over the next two to three years is unclear. Healthcare organisations and policy makers need to consider the issues that will arise. In the long term, eHealth offers many opportunities for prevention, choice, home based care, and chronic disease management, and it will widen access to health care for most patients.We all need to join the discussion and decide what we want for the future before others, who could be guided by commercial motives rather than quality and equity, do so.

Partial-Birth Abortion: The Logical and Illogical Arguments Essay

Partial-Birth Abortion: The Logical and Illogical Arguments In 1992, a new abortion procedure was introduced to the United States public. It was first performed by Dr. James McMahon and explained by Dr. Martin Haskell (Scully). It was used during the second and third trimesters (around twenty to twenty-four weeks along) and involved partially delivering the fetus so the doctors could remove the baby’s brain with suction (Wagner). The term â€Å"D&X†, which stands for â€Å"intact dilation and extraction,† was used to refer to this procedure (Hoyt). It was not until a few years later that debates about this procedure came about. In 1995, â€Å"Representative Charles Canady (R., Fla) introduced the Partial Birth Abortion Act† (Scully). Since then, the issue has been debated extensively. There have been questions about the accuracy of some facts that have been presented. This extremely political issue has more than just the usual two sides: Democratic and Republican. There are people against it who would like it banned completely, while others are against it but do not think it should be banned. Then, there are some who are in favor of it because they see nothing wrong with it, while still others are in favor of it just because they think that doing away with it would take away women’s rights. Those opinions and any others can mainly boil down to proponents and opponents of partial-birth abortion. In many articles over the years, both proponents and opponents have each given their logical appeals, emotional appeals, and ethical appeals while trying to destroy the other side of the issue. The first topic to discuss is the logical appeal of the argument. According to the proponents for the issue of part... ...here is now a ban on partial-birth abortion in the United States, passed in March 2003. Works Cited Black, Chris. â€Å"The Partial-Birth Fraud.† The American Prospect 12 (September 24, 2001): A2. Bordlee, Dorinda C. â€Å"Partial Birth: What Next?† Christianity Today 44 (August 7, 2000): 67. Hoyt, Mike. â€Å"Abortion: Partial Truths.† Columbia Journalism Review 36 (May-June 1997): 12(2). Scully, Matthew. â€Å"Partial Truth.† The Human Life Review 24 (Summer 1998): 103(4). Strickler, Karyn. â€Å"Partial Birth Abortion Bans: Why Does the Big Lie Continue?† http://www.commondreams.org/views03/0312-10.htm. Published March 12, 2003. Accessed April 15, 2003. Wagner, Teresa R. â€Å"The Partial-Birth Abortion War.† World and I 14 (September 1999): 86. Walker, Graham. â€Å"Why stop at the third trimester?† The Human Life Review 22 (Winter 1996): 105(2). Partial-Birth Abortion: The Logical and Illogical Arguments Essay Partial-Birth Abortion: The Logical and Illogical Arguments In 1992, a new abortion procedure was introduced to the United States public. It was first performed by Dr. James McMahon and explained by Dr. Martin Haskell (Scully). It was used during the second and third trimesters (around twenty to twenty-four weeks along) and involved partially delivering the fetus so the doctors could remove the baby’s brain with suction (Wagner). The term â€Å"D&X†, which stands for â€Å"intact dilation and extraction,† was used to refer to this procedure (Hoyt). It was not until a few years later that debates about this procedure came about. In 1995, â€Å"Representative Charles Canady (R., Fla) introduced the Partial Birth Abortion Act† (Scully). Since then, the issue has been debated extensively. There have been questions about the accuracy of some facts that have been presented. This extremely political issue has more than just the usual two sides: Democratic and Republican. There are people against it who would like it banned completely, while others are against it but do not think it should be banned. Then, there are some who are in favor of it because they see nothing wrong with it, while still others are in favor of it just because they think that doing away with it would take away women’s rights. Those opinions and any others can mainly boil down to proponents and opponents of partial-birth abortion. In many articles over the years, both proponents and opponents have each given their logical appeals, emotional appeals, and ethical appeals while trying to destroy the other side of the issue. The first topic to discuss is the logical appeal of the argument. According to the proponents for the issue of part... ...here is now a ban on partial-birth abortion in the United States, passed in March 2003. Works Cited Black, Chris. â€Å"The Partial-Birth Fraud.† The American Prospect 12 (September 24, 2001): A2. Bordlee, Dorinda C. â€Å"Partial Birth: What Next?† Christianity Today 44 (August 7, 2000): 67. Hoyt, Mike. â€Å"Abortion: Partial Truths.† Columbia Journalism Review 36 (May-June 1997): 12(2). Scully, Matthew. â€Å"Partial Truth.† The Human Life Review 24 (Summer 1998): 103(4). Strickler, Karyn. â€Å"Partial Birth Abortion Bans: Why Does the Big Lie Continue?† http://www.commondreams.org/views03/0312-10.htm. Published March 12, 2003. Accessed April 15, 2003. Wagner, Teresa R. â€Å"The Partial-Birth Abortion War.† World and I 14 (September 1999): 86. Walker, Graham. â€Å"Why stop at the third trimester?† The Human Life Review 22 (Winter 1996): 105(2).

Pci, Case Study, Mia Case Study

INTRODUCTION The issue started on February 2008 when the new appointed Managing Director of PCI Sdn Bhd, En Ghani reviewed 2007 Financial Report and found out there were recent increases in costs of goods sold and inventories. The rate of increase in costs of goods sold had been disproportionate with growth of sales. En Ghani was informed that one of the reasons for the increase in cost was because of the current purchasing system that contributes to redundant purchasing and high inventory holding costs.Siti Aminah, the Chief of Financial Officer was asked to review the current purchasing system and suggested the need to implement a new computerized purchasing system that would help relieve some of its manual operations and at the same time would ensure it has the proper controls in place. En Ghani requested a formal report on current purchasing system and suggestion for a new system before the next management meeting which would be in two weeks time. En Ghani assigned Siti Aminah on the special task instead of the senior Chief Production Officer and she did not have any experience in system and technology.The new system must be able to reduce costs, enhance control and provide easy management of users and services in qualitative and quantitative ways. CHARACTERS En Ghani : as the new appointed Managing Director of Penda Cable Industry Berhad, who reviewed past year Financial Report and asked for formal report from Siti Aminah. Siti Aminah : the Chief of Financial Officer that being asked to make formal report instead of the Senior Chief of Financial Officer. CURRENT PURCHASING SYSTEM IN PCIPurpose : to ensure the purchase of raw material (exclude external Aluminium cable scap) that was required for the manufacturing of cable, conductors and associated products. 1) Monthly Raw Material Summary Cik Lim General Manager of Material Resources and Planning En Razi Assistant Purchasing Manager (MRMS) Review 1st week of Forecasted Monthly Every month Material Requirem ent En Sam General Manager Purchasing (MMR)MRMS Planning Section En Razi 2) Cik Anne Purchasing Clerk >RM100 000 En Ghani Filing En Min Raw Material Storekeeper

The Power of Fundamentalism †World Religion Essay

The Power of Fundamentalism – World Religion Essay Free Online Research Papers The Power of Fundamentalism World Religion Essay Khaled Abou El Fadl is a leading Islamic scholar and authority on fundamentalist culture. He is also a professor of law at UCLA. Abou El Fadl grew up middle class in Kuwait family and then later moved to Egypt. He was attracted to fundamentalism because of the sense of belonging. Fundamentalism made it easy to see the world as black and white and much easier to understand. It gets down to a form of intoxication that causes the life of people to tragedy short. Unlike gang members children who turn to fundamentalist think they can change the world. He felt suffocated by the world around him because on one side of him was strong western influence and on the other was a government that was feeding people lies. He says that he would ask his mother every night. â€Å"What is the point of this life?† Abou El Fadl was taught the idea that truth is identifiable and obtainable on this earth. The perfection of God is obtainable on this earth. Intellectuals exist in order to confuse people. History, other then the time of the prophet and his follows is not very well known. However, at the same time most of the young people involved with fundamentalist groups are not well educated. Many in fact have never even read the Qur’an for themselves either because they simply are unable to read or because they are told that only teachers can read Qur’an and that otherwise they are committing acts of the devil. At the age of 15 he turned his life around from fundamentalism. Humility is what attracted him to other forms of Islam. Instead of concrete answers he was amazed at people would begin a sentence by saying â€Å"I think† instead of â€Å"God thinks†. He badly beat when he decided to leave this fundamentalist group and also helped him to understand that there is no compassion in the world of fundamentalism. Listening to Bin Laden speak after 911 he was reminded of this beating that he took. There is no understanding or empathy to the rest of the world. No attempt to find a common ground. Richard J. Mouw is the President of Fuller Theological Seminary. He was raised in a proudly fundamentalist home that was against all forms of popular culture; no cards, drinking, smoking, dancing, or movies for example. As a result this creates a very tight nit group of people that rely on another for entertainment. Mouw describes the fundamentals of fundamentalism as: The Bible is the authority of the word of God. Jesus was not just a great human teacher but he was of God. His death was brought about our salvation. Jesus will come again and an intense interest in bible prophecy. Mouw began to question his fundamentalist roots when he found himself feeling passionately about the political issues of the 1960s. Equal rights and the Vietnam War were two issues that he found himself at odds with others in the church. Fundamentalists were not interested in doing anything about social justice in the large world. They refused to even get along with other Christians who disagreed on simple issues of doctrine. Mouw was in his 20’s and struggling with having to go to Vietnam, a war that he still disagrees with. People were very critical of him and more or less cut him off. This seemed backwards for Mouw because he felt that the Bible and even the hyms he sang so many times supported the idea of over coming injustice. â€Å"Are you willing to yield your racism to God? Are you willing to follow the Gospel even if your government is asking you to do something that apposes it?† The human appeal of fundamentalist from a Christian perspective is that in our world of much confusion there are simple answers. Most people just want simple things, like they want their children to grow up ok. They hope for them to have a life that has meaning, with values, and promises something for the future. At its best fundamentalism gives something for people to rely on. There is a God in charge of everything and that is good for some people. Yossi Klein Halevi writes for The Jerusalem Report, The New Republic, and the Los Angeles Times, and has authored two books. Halevi grew up in a holocaust surviving family in Brooklyn, NY. The Holocaust was the background and foreground of his family life. The idea of being a survivor and a victim was very real to him. He believed that Jewish people were hated and would never be accepted by the world. Halevi moved to Israeli in 1982 where he still lives. He is a committed Zionist but understands that in order for Jerusalem to be a safe place both Palestinians and Israelis must find away to have a larger world view. Halevi also talks about the difference between the survivor and the victim mentality. The survivor understands that the world is hard and that the survivor tries to learn generosity rather than rage. Fundamentalist crave the easy answer. The survivor understands that there are no easy answers. This forces you into a mode of constant empathy. How does the world appear to others? This is obviously much easier when you don’t feel as though your life is constantly threatened. We can take away from this lecture the idea that fundamentalism is just fundamentally a wrong way of viewing God. How arrogant to think that God really needs the fundamentalists efforts or anyone’s effort for that matter! This seems like a flat-out denial of the power of God. Claiming that God is omnipotent and omniscient is to imply that nothing happens in the universe that isnt happening with the knowledge and consent of God. How could it happen without the knowledge of God? It has to be that way if you accept the omniscience of God. If God doesnt allow it, how can it happen? Otherwise, God would not be omnipotent. If God allows it, it implies at least knowledge and consent. So why must God require the services of the fundamentalist to ensure that all right in the Universe? Research Papers on The Power of Fundamentalism - World Religion EssayBook Review on The Autobiography of Malcolm XHip-Hop is ArtCapital PunishmentComparison: Letter from Birmingham and CritoQuebec and CanadaCanaanite Influence on the Early Israelite ReligionRelationship between Media Coverage and Social andThe Relationship Between Delinquency and Drug UseBringing Democracy to AfricaStandardized Testing

Effective Studies Skills Essays

Effective Studies Skills Essays Effective Studies Skills Essay Effective Studies Skills Essay Effective study skill OMG Iâ„ ¢m gonna fail, I know it! doesnâ„ ¢t this sound all too familiar to you Itâ„ ¢s known as the Iâ„ ¢m not good enough syndrome. Everyone has fears. Itâ„ ¢s quite natural. The great American industrialist Henry Ford said if you think you can, or think you canâ„ ¢t â€Å" you are right! what he was saying is that intention and expectation shape our actions. Good morning everybody, firstly I would like to welcome you to the senior year of study that will round off your secondary school. It is the year that will lead either to further study or to the learning experiences of the workplace. I believe many of you, by this time you should have set up your personal goal. In order to achieve your goal, you firstly need to overcome your fears and you attain effective study skills. Thinking positively is the first step towards success. Here is a simple ABC formula you can use to overcome your fears. A for action! Nothing can be done without action, so get started now! B is for belief. Itâ„ ¢s terribly important to have the sense that you are capable of doing what it is your desire. So yeah, I guess you can practise saying I can do it and I will for ten times everyday until the words become as much a habit as breathing, and the action which follows becomes as instinctive as the blinking of your eyelids! C for commitment, it is the stick at it or never say die factor. Keep in mind the famous quote by Thomas Edison genius is ten per cent inspiration and ninety percent perspiration. Ok, so if you are one of those confident students who believe that if you try hard you can achieve whatever you want, then you are very lucky! What you need now are some effective study skills. When friends ask me what makes for effective study, I tell them four things. You must have a right place, a time, a plan and a tidy approach. You need to have a special place for your study thatâ„ ¢s completely free of distractions. That means, donâ„ ¢t study with your TV or msn on and make up excuses for yourself such as, Iâ„ ¢m not gonna watch it, and I wonâ„ ¢t chat! Thatâ„ ¢s right, if you not gonna use them, TURN IT OFF! Iâ„ ¢m sure your mum will be very please that you have helped to reduce the energy bill! Set up your room with a big table so you can spread out, and adjust the light so it strong enough to read but not too bright. Put up a noticeboard so can stick up all your maths formulas. It is vital to have your room arranged so itâ„ ¢s comfortable, not too hot (or youâ„ ¢ll go to sleep), not too cold (or you will be distracted by shivering) make sure that the chair you sit on is padded, and upright. No lounge chairs please! Obviously, you need to have regular hours set aside every day for study and nothing else. Iâ„ ¢m going to advice you that 10 hours per week of dedicated homework is absolute minimum for year 12. more than that is better, though beyond 20 hours you should be very careful indeed of the danger of burnout. Less then 10 hours you are asking for trouble. If you are an early bird you can rise at 6 and put in two hours before school, if you are a night owl study in the evening is best. It doesnâ„ ¢t matter when to study, as long as the time suits your personal rhythms of activities and concentration. Now how many of you uses a diary here Then you need to plan your study! A year planner is a great idea. This is a map of the whole year, with spaces for everyday. On it you write in all the projects, essays, exams and other events that will be parts of your year. A diary is a must; this has to go with you to school everyday. Whenever a teacher sets a deadline, you write it in your diary. The type of diary you buy is up to entirely, you donâ„ ¢t need to get the ugly school diary, but you just need to have one! (You can talk about time management as organising things, you can actually combine them into one paragraph) Itâ„ ¢s no good having your own room, your own desk, your own computer etc â€Å" and allowing them to get into a mess. Make sure your bookshelf is divided up by subjects. Mix the books and I guarantee you will lose them. Each subject must have its own folder, which stays together securely. That subject folder should be orderly, each section of the course with its own section. You might like to colour code each subject, for easier identification. Whenever you add anything new, it must go into the proper place. Then youâ„ ¢ll have no trouble finding your notes! Remember that itâ„ ¢s your life. You can make choices and follow then. You can set goals, motivate yourself, study effectively, without being stressed out of your brain. If you follow the simple rules I have just talked about, Iâ„ ¢m sure you can survive year 12! Nothing changes until we do. That I can promise! So good luck!

How Long Are the SAT Subject Tests

How Long Are the SAT Subject Tests SAT / ACT Prep Online Guides and Tips The SAT subject tests are all one hour in length and are all multiple choice. However, they differ in features, format, and the time pressure you will feel depending on where your academic strengths and weaknesses lie. Let's discuss the differences among the subject tests and how you can beat the time pressure. First, let's consider the unique features of the test. Unique Features There are 21 different subject tests (I'm counting Biology E and Biology M as two separate tests). Of these tests, the language, biology, math, and chemistry tests have some special features, as explained below. Language Subject Tests Some language tests include a Listening component. Listening tests are always given in the first hour on test day, so you can only take one Listening test per test date. French, German, and Spanish have non-Listening and Listening options. Chinese, Korean, and Japanese can only be taken as Listening tests. Language Subject Tests are also the only Subject Tests with four answer choices per question. All other Subject Tests have five answer choices per question. Biology Subject Tests If you choose to take the Biology subject test, you have the option of Biology E or Biology M. While they share 60 core questions, each has an additional 20 questions with an ecological or a molecular focus. Learn more about which concentration makes sense for you by taking a look at some practice questions. Math Subject Test There are two math subject tests, Level 1 and Level 2. Level 1 requires two years of algebra and one year of geometry. Level 2 requires the same plus some understanding of trigonometry and pre-calculus. Level 2 also requires more extensive use of (and comfort with) a graphing calculator. Chemistry Subject Tests The chemistry test has a separate section on the bubble sheet for you to answer 5 special questions. These questions will ask you to compare two statements by balancing equations or making predictions about chemical reactions. The other tests are relatively straightforward in their format. Since all of them are one hour, a better question than, "How long are SAT subject tests?" would be "How many questions are on SAT subject tests?" This is where the answer gets a little more complicated. How Many Questions Are On Each Subject Test? Subject # of questions Literature ~60 US History 90 World History 95 Math Level 12 50 Bio E/M 80 Chemistry 85 Physics 75 French and German 85 (~85 with listening, 35% are listening) Spanish 85 (~85 with listening, 40% are listening Hebrew 85 Italian 80-85 Latin 70-75 Chinese with Listening 85 (33% are Listening) Japanese and Korean with Listening 80 (35% are listening) There isn't a huge amount of variation in the number of questions per SAT subject test time- the Literature test is the one that stands out as having significantly fewer questions. Don't assume this means it's easier, though! The Literature test involves close reading of passages, which takes up some of your valuable 60 minutes of test-taking. Now that you know how many questions are on each test, how can you use this information to maximize your time management under these strictly timed conditions? Tips on Timing Time Yourself When You Prep As you can see in the above chart, almost all of the tests have more questions than minutes. This means you are expected to spend less than a minute on each question. The best way to master the material and perfect your pacing is to practice under simulated timed conditions. Sit down for exactly one hour with a practice test, and don't give yourself extra time. Record how you do and see if you can beat your score each time you practice. You'll almost certainly see improvement as you get more familiar with the test. Use Questions From Real Tests College Board offers useful practice material here. You can learn about the content of each individual test and practice with questions taken from real tests administered in the past. Using high quality, relevant prep materials is the only way to prep effectively for the real thing. Move Quickly and Efficiently The strict timing of these tests allows no room for lengthy consideration or debate. If a question completely stumps you, don't waste valuable time on it. Mark it, skip it, and come back to it at the end with fresh eyes, or simply to make a guess and fill in a letter on the bubble sheet. You might get lucky and get the point! If you're skipping questions, leave a small amount of time at the end to revisit them or fill in the bubble sheet with guesses. Understand Your Ideal Testing Style Will taking three tests in one morning energize or exhaust you? Will you be able to focus on two or three subjects in one sitting, or will fatigue prevent you from performing well? The subject tests start between 8:30 and 9:00 in the morning. You'll get a five minute break between each test. Some students get an adrenaline rush jumping from one subject test to another. Others might have trouble shifting gears between subjects. Again, practicing under simulated conditions may help you figure out your testing style and whether you should take several subject tests on one date or space them out. Not only will timing yourself help create the conditions of the real test, but finding friends and peers to practice with will also resemble the experience of testing beside others. Guessing Strategies for SAT Subject Tests Unlike the general SAT, for SAT Subject Tests you lose a fraction of a point for each question you answer incorrectly. Here's how scoring works for Subject Tests (all the Subject Tests except the foreign language tests have five answer choices. Foreign languages tests have four answer choices): You get 1 point for each correct answer. A fraction of a point is subtracted for wrong answers: 1/4 point is subtracted for five-choice questions. 1/3 point is subtracted for four-choice questions. 1/2 point is subtracted for three-choice questions. No points are deducted for questions left blank. If your final score is a fraction, it's rounded to the nearest whole number - 1/2 or more is rounded up; less than 1/2 is rounded down. What does this mean for you? Too many random guesses could bring down your score, so you have to be smart on when to guess on a question (and risk a point deduction) and when to leave a question blank (with no change of getting it right). Here are some strategies to follow: If You Can't Eliminate Any Answer Choices If you're really stumped on a multiple-choice question and can't eliminate any of the options, don’t guess yet. Skip the question for now and return to it after you've finished the rest of the exam. What if you still can’t eliminate any answer choices? Then leave the question blank. Don’t blindly guess without eliminating any answers. Without eliminating any of your answer choices, you have a high chance of losing points by choosing the wrong answer. Here's the math: on a question with five answer choices, you have a 20% chance of selecting the right answer by guessing blindly. If you guess on five questions, odds are you will get four questions wrong and one right, or zero points total! This is why there is a wrong answer penalty on SAT Subject Tests it makes blind guessing pointless (literally). But because of how randomness works, you might end up guessing incorrectly on more questions than expectedmbsp;leaving you with a net negative number of points. If You Can Eliminate Only One Answer Choice It may make sense to guess here. Cross off the answer choice that you know is incorrect, and take a look at the rest of the answer choices to see if you can narrow down your options further. In this situation, you'll likely gain more points than you lose by guessing. If you guess randomly on 16 questions where you can eliminate one answer choice for each (with five answer choices to start), you will gain a full point on average (4 - (.25 x 12) = 1). It's not huge, but compared with leaving all those questions blank and getting nothing, that’s a pretty good deal. But remember, this advice assumes purely random guessing, which is rare. A certain answer might be appealing to you for whatever reason, so you will go for that choice instead of taking a truly random guess. Test makers often try to make incorrect answers look more appealing so students are more likely to get tricked and choose them. When taking these factors into account, your chance of guessing correctly after eliminating one answer choice is actually less than 25 percent. In the example above, if you were to get even three questions right rather than four and 13 wrong rather than 12 you would be losing a quarter of a point (3 - (.25 x 13) = -0.25). If you do decide to guess in this situation, pick an answer as much at random as possible, rather than getting mired in the wording of each choice. For example, you may choose to always "A" on questions you're guessing on (unless that's the choice you've eliminated) to make your guesses as random as possible. If You Can Eliminate Two or More Answer Choices Now we’re talking! Even with the tricky wording of SAT questions, your chances of choosing the correct answer are high enough here that it may be appropriate to guess. Say you have a set of 15 questions where you guess after eliminating two choices (leaving you with three answer choices per question). With random guessing, this gives you a net total of 2.5 points (five questions correct, 10 incorrect; 5 - (0.25 x 10) = 2.5). Even if you don’t do quite that well and end up getting one more question wrong and one less right, that still gives you 4 - (0.25 x ) = 1.25 points earned. Of the answer choices you have left in this scenario, try to guess randomly. It can still be risky to guess here because we're assuming that all the answer choices you eliminated are definitely incorrect. However, if you have done your homework on the SAT and are familiar with strategies for eliminating incorrect answers, you should be good to go. Additional Note: If you take a practice test, I would recommend marking all the questions you guessed on so that you can later evaluate the success of your guessing strategies. This will also prevent you from just ignoring questions you got right by chance, which you should still revisit if you don't understand the material. Summary While these tests seem to have a lot of questions in a short amount of time, you'll definitely be able to get to all of them if you study effectively. Prep with high quality materials and train yourself in time management and pacing, the same way you would as an athlete. Taking two or three subject tests in one day may sound tough, but a lot of students actually get into a highly focused zone and feed off the energy of the challenge. Be strategic about how you schedule your tests, but remember you can always take the subject tests again if need be- most colleges will take your highest scores. Click here to learn about when you should take the SAT Subject Tests in and around the general SAT and all your other tests and finals. What's Next? Now that you're familiar with the length of the subject tests, how can you decide which subject tests to take? This article will help you choose which subject test is best for you. Are you also taking the SAT? Just like with the subject tests, it's vital to know the format and timing of the SAT. Click here to learn about the SAT and how you can manage your time during this long test. Also, check out our famous guide to how you can score a perfect SAT score. Are you more interested in the ACT? Read about how long it is and how you can pace yourself throughout the different sections. Then read about what a good ACT score for you is. Need a little extra help prepping for your Subject Tests? We have the industry's leading SAT Subject Test prep programs (for all non-language Subject Tests). Built by Harvard grads and SAT Subject Test full or 99th %ile scorers, the program learns your strengths and weaknesses through advanced statistics, then customizes your prep program to you so that you get the most effective prep possible. Learn more about our Subject Test products below:

Nursing Informatics Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words

Nursing Informatics - Assignment Example The Heisenberg crashes the software and takes time and effort to debug. The Heisenberg might occur when users use uninitialized variables. On the other hand, the Bohrbug is easy to detect and maintains its behavior (Dodd, 2013). Users can easily predict and reproduce the Bohrbug by running computer software with similar conditions. The Mandelbug is very violent and derives from complex causes. Users can find the Mandelbug in the computer software. The bug relies on scheduling. It is very challenging to repair or debug this software bug (Dodd, 2013). Ultimately, we have the Schrà ¶dinbug that relates to Erwin Schrà ¶dinger (Dodd, 2013). The Schrà ¶dinbug manifests itself as a problem in a code where the problem should have prevented the code from working from the beginning (Dodd, 2013). The software bug can make the software to work or crash when a user decides to change the outcome of the problem in the code. Apparently, computer bugs disrupt or malfunctions computer operations. The disruption of computer programs and operations jeopardizes the effectiveness of nursing

Risk management in Aviva Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2000 words

Risk management in Aviva - Essay Example Introduction The current state of this society is an effect of outcome of the long term process. Today, the entire world economy is facing a tremendous growth in every aspect of life. It can be interpreted as an effect of globalisation which can be termed as broadening of the ideas, innovation, relationship and other types of activities among the different countries of the world. Many scholars believe that globalisation is the primary reason behind these. Moreover, they also consider that international trade and business and technological developments are the most importance and crucial effect of globalisation. In fact, the growth of international trade and business and technological advancement are two primary sources of globalisation. In case of international trade, the countries form different parts get opportunities to enter into a new arena of business. In this process, the international traders come into the contact of new experiences like cross cultural diversities, better opp ortunities, and different market exposures etc. Due to effect of globalisation, the nature of trade and business has changed significantly as its importance for inter-dependency has been urged for the development of society. The term, international trade denotes to the commercial transaction between or/among countries that involves transfer of product, wealth, money, services, technology, resources etc. Due to emergence of international trade and business, the world economies have experienced a missive growth. However, with this rapid development, the multinational companies are also being exposed to multiple types of risks. Therefore, in effect, the structure and nature of business and its strategies have been changed to cope up with these risks making the entire process complex (Daniels et al, 2010, p.7). This paper will attempt to analyse the implications of multiple types of risks faced by a multinational organisations. In order to meet this objective, the primary focus of this paper will be on Aviva, a global insurance company. As this company is present in many world economies, it is exposed to a number or risks like political risks, financial risks like interest fluctuations, foreign currency fluctuations, market risks etc. This paper will also include appropriate strategies for diversifying such risks in respect of Aviva’s global insurance business. 2. Brief Description about the Company: Aviva Aviva is one of the most popular global insurance companies in the global financial service market. It is basically an UK-based company and the sixth largest insurance company in the world and the biggest in the UK market (Aviva-a, 2011). The major market for Aviva includes the broad regions like Europe, North America and Asia Pacific market covering more the 28 countries. For its international business management, the company primarily focuses on the three core strategies. Firstly, the company aims to heighten and enhance its focus on geographical segmen ted market. Secondly, it is tries to increase its consumer’s value by offering the best combination of general and life insurance. Thirdly, Aviva is also trying to strengthen its core competencies that have enabled it to be one of the market leaders in global context. The company has gained a high expertise in technical excellence, effective operational, financial discipline and marketing related activities like promotional, distribution etc (Aviva-b, 2011). The company has acquired a large base of consumers in the global market and it service nearly 53.4 million of consumer by offering value-created product with its 45000 employees worldwide. The primary products of Aviva mainly include the life

Henrys Law Constant Of Glyoxal Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 3500 words

Henrys Law Constant Of Glyoxal - Research Paper Example The enhancement of KH was linked to the sulfate: carbonyl molar ratio rather than the absolute concentration of sulfate ions in bulk solution. The profound sulfate effect was only observed in glyoxal and formaldehyde, but not methylglyoxal. Chemical analysis suggested that this sulfate mediated reaction was reversible. Meanwhile, Time of Flight-MS (TOF-MS), NMR spectroscopy and X-ray diffraction (XRD) suggested the unknown product was sulfate containing product. For ionic strength effect, KH of formaldehyde, methylglyoxal and glyoxal were investigated in NaCl solution with concentrations ranging from 25mM to 4M. Our observation suggested that the formation of hydrogen bonding between chloride ions and diol groups of the hydrated carbonyls lead to "salting-in" effects in concentrated NaCl solution. The partitioning process of these small, reactive carbonyls was not sensitive to the ionic strength of wet aerosols and the profound effects of sulfate on glyoxal KH supported the hypothesi s that sulfate play an important role in glyoxal gas/aqueous phase partitioning. The Henry law constant KH is a key parameter that aids in the... 2.2 Experimentation Methods 6 3.0 Results and Discussion 7 3.1 Formaldehyde 7 Product Identification 9 3.2 Glyoxal 10 3.3 Methylglyoxal 13 4.0 Conclusion 14 Work cited 16 Appendix 25 1.0 Introduction The Henry law constant KH is a key parameter that aids in the determination of the magnitude, rate and flux direction between the aqueous and the gas solution. Due to the insufficient thermodynamic data and poor understanding in gas/particle partitioning behaviors of glyoxal and other oxidation products from both anthropogenic and biogenic volatile organic compounds (VOCs), discrepancies between field measurements and SOA models were large (Volkamer et al., 2006). In particular, the partitioning process of C2, C3-bifunctional species, formed in significant yields from the photo-oxidation of aromatic hydrocarbons, isoprene, terepene, alkenes as well as alkynes, remain unclear [Yu et al., 1995; Yu et al., 1997; Yu et al., 1998; Yu et al., 1999; Warneck, 2003]. Field measurements have revealed that these low molecular weight, bi-functional species are important precursors for SOA in cloud-processing [Blando and Turpin, 2000; Warneck, 2003]. Laboratory evidence suggests that, the rate-limiting step in SOA formation of isoprene photo-oxidation was the oxidation of first-generation reaction products which leads to the formation of up to four functional groups of the carbon skeleton. Therefore, the partitioning of chemical species containing multifunction groups could be more likely a critical step for formation of SOA in other systems as well (Kroll et al, 2006). Recently, glyoxal was used as an activity indicator for photo-oxidation attributed to its high abundance after onset of sunlight and short lifetime, while formaldehyde worked

MPACT OF SOCIAL MEDIA ON SAUDI NEWSROOM Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 4500 words

MPACT OF SOCIAL MEDIA ON SAUDI NEWSROOM - Essay Example Specifically the actual number of active Facebook users has reached 1.23 billion worldwide as of December 2013 with 1.74 million more active users as compared to the previous year (Sedghi, 2014). With 645,750,000 active registered users, Twitter’s active users have reached 115 million each month (Statistic Brain, 2014). Other kinds of social media platform which can also be utilized in the collection and dissemination of news information include: blogs, CharRoulette, Digg, Flickr, Foursquare, Google Groups, Google Wave, Groupon, Hi5, LinkedIn, MocoSpace, MySpace, Orkut, SecondLife, Seesmic, SCVNGR, Tweetdeck, Wiki’s, Windows Online, Wordpress, Yelp, YouTube, and chat rooms like ICQ, Skype, and Yahoo Messenger (Pedersen, 2013: 210; Funk, 2011: 8 – 9; Wankel, Marovich and Stanaityte, 2010: 8). (See Figure I – Facebook’s Monthly Active Monthly Users on page 3) The globally available social media tools are useful in terms of making the general public become more interactive and more demanding in terms of the quality of information they receive from various sources such as the media (Pedersen, 2013: 210). It could also mean that the constant increase in the number of social media users has created a huge impact in the way the newsrooms are being managed today. For instance, because of the availability of social media technology, a lot of modern journalists have moved away from the use of the old typewriters and the need to cut-out old newspapers for their personal compilation purposes (Bakhurst, 2011). Using the social media tools that are available in most mobile phone gadgets, laptops, or other related mobile devices, news reports worldwide can now be readily available on a 24/7 basis (Sheller, 2014; Crowe, 2012: 49; Bakhurst, 2011). The Arab world has no doubt experienced an awakening of free expression. The world has witnessed the rise of an

The SWOT analysis of Head & Shoulders Research Paper

The SWOT analysis of Head & Shoulders - Research Paper Example In relation to the study the company which has been selected is Head & Shoulders is one of the most popular brands of anti-dandruff shampoos in the world. It is produced and marketed by Procter & Gamble. The shampoo was introduced first in the US after a decade long of research. Head & Shoulders is the first to introduce pyithione zinc in shampoo. â€Å"Head & shoulders is rich in Zinc Pyrithione (ZPTO) which is highly effective at fighting and helping to prevent dandruff symptoms and itchy, flaky scalp.† The first part of the report will deal with the information of the manufacturer Procter & Gamble. It will deal basically with the size of the company, major products marketed by them, sales figures, etc. The next part of the report will make a detailed analysis of Head & Shoulders brand by performing a SWOT analysis. Along with the SWOT analysis, the product will also be compared with Garnier Fructis and Unilever Clear. This SWOT analysis will be the major tool for discussing the present situation of the brand. Next part of the report will make an analysis of the product in the light of marketing mix elements. This analysis is essential to arrive at the competitive position of the brand in the market. The latter part of the report will discuss the global activities of the brand in terms of sales and market share. Based on these analyses, a conclusion will arrive at the paper.be arrived at. Manufacturer The manufacturer of Head & Shoulders is Procter & Gamble, one of the world’s largest personal care products manufacturer. P&G has a brand portfolio of around 50 products which touches the day to day life of more than 85% of the people worldwide. The company claims that among the 50 products, 24 of them generate annual sales of more than one billion each. (P&G, 2011) It is the strong brand presence of these 50 products that help the company to sustain the market leader position in the industry. P&G generated total sales of $82.6 billion in 2011 compared to that of $78.9 billion in 2010. The sales have resulted in an operating cash flow of $13.2 billion in 2011. The product portfolio of P&G consists of beauty, grooming, health care, snacks and pet care, fabric care and homecare, and baby care and family care. Fabric and Home care is the largest contributor to the profit marking a 30% of the total net sales of the company. Beauty is the next contributor with 24% of the total net sales. It is followed by baby care and family care – 19%, health care – 14%, grooming – 9% and snacks and pet care – 4%. North America is the biggest market of P&G. 41% of the total sales is generated from North American markets. It is followed by Western Europe – 20%, Asia – 16%, Central & Eastern Europe, Middle East & Africa – 14% and Latin America – 9%. (P&G, 2012) P&G operates on the core principle of sustainability. The fact that the products of P&G are related to the everyday life of billions of people, the situation vests them with certain responsibility in terms of the quality of the products and process. Therefore, the company operates on the principle of sustainable development. Recently, the company is seemed be investing huge amount of resources in environmentally sustainable products and product development process. The company is using more of renewable and recyclable materials for the packaging of products. SWOT Analysis Strength The major strength of Head & Shoulders is the brand value. The company enjoys a brand value of both P&G as well as the Head & Shoulders brand. Over years, the company has developed itself a name which is name

Ma2.1 Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 5000 words

Ma2.1 - Essay Example Holzner (2006) found that Dell, from its very early years of business, focused on offering computers as quickly as possible and with greater quality services (p. 4- 6). With its basic marketing strategy of ‘go direct’ and its marketing objective of providing customers with outstanding value and superior quality computers, Dell could rank 34 in the Fortune 500 companies by 2008. It employs more than 63,000 employees in more than 150 countries. This research work is an attempt to analyze the marketing strategies being adopted by Dell Inc in recent years. Rather than describing the strategies that are implemented by Dell, this piece of research work provides an in-depth analysis of why and how these strategies helped Dell success in its business and achieve its goals. This research work helps find out the strategic perspectives and theoretical approaches that explain how Dell made the success story. This work identifies most important strategic methods adopted by Dell including direct business model, Virtual integration, customization and customer focus and these strategies are detailed in order to examine how these strategies can help a business in its success path. This research work is an analysis of international strategy from the example of Dell. Dell has been considered to be a model and illuminating example for successful company with effective international strategies. Not just one strategy, but a number of strategies are virtually integrated in the business story of Dell. This research work identifies certain international management and marketing strategies of Dell including ‘go direct’, supply chain management, customer focus, customization and virtual integration. Dell’s ‘go direct’ model remains to be a powerful strategic tool that not only eliminates the middle men expenses, but, helps the company find and meet specific

MPACT OF SOCIAL MEDIA ON SAUDI NEWSROOM Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 4500 words

MPACT OF SOCIAL MEDIA ON SAUDI NEWSROOM - Essay Example Specifically the actual number of active Facebook users has reached 1.23 billion worldwide as of December 2013 with 1.74 million more active users as compared to the previous year (Sedghi, 2014). With 645,750,000 active registered users, Twitter’s active users have reached 115 million each month (Statistic Brain, 2014). Other kinds of social media platform which can also be utilized in the collection and dissemination of news information include: blogs, CharRoulette, Digg, Flickr, Foursquare, Google Groups, Google Wave, Groupon, Hi5, LinkedIn, MocoSpace, MySpace, Orkut, SecondLife, Seesmic, SCVNGR, Tweetdeck, Wiki’s, Windows Online, Wordpress, Yelp, YouTube, and chat rooms like ICQ, Skype, and Yahoo Messenger (Pedersen, 2013: 210; Funk, 2011: 8 – 9; Wankel, Marovich and Stanaityte, 2010: 8). (See Figure I – Facebook’s Monthly Active Monthly Users on page 3) The globally available social media tools are useful in terms of making the general public become more interactive and more demanding in terms of the quality of information they receive from various sources such as the media (Pedersen, 2013: 210). It could also mean that the constant increase in the number of social media users has created a huge impact in the way the newsrooms are being managed today. For instance, because of the availability of social media technology, a lot of modern journalists have moved away from the use of the old typewriters and the need to cut-out old newspapers for their personal compilation purposes (Bakhurst, 2011). Using the social media tools that are available in most mobile phone gadgets, laptops, or other related mobile devices, news reports worldwide can now be readily available on a 24/7 basis (Sheller, 2014; Crowe, 2012: 49; Bakhurst, 2011). The Arab world has no doubt experienced an awakening of free expression. The world has witnessed the rise of an

Ma2.1 Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 5000 words

Ma2.1 - Essay Example Holzner (2006) found that Dell, from its very early years of business, focused on offering computers as quickly as possible and with greater quality services (p. 4- 6). With its basic marketing strategy of ‘go direct’ and its marketing objective of providing customers with outstanding value and superior quality computers, Dell could rank 34 in the Fortune 500 companies by 2008. It employs more than 63,000 employees in more than 150 countries. This research work is an attempt to analyze the marketing strategies being adopted by Dell Inc in recent years. Rather than describing the strategies that are implemented by Dell, this piece of research work provides an in-depth analysis of why and how these strategies helped Dell success in its business and achieve its goals. This research work helps find out the strategic perspectives and theoretical approaches that explain how Dell made the success story. This work identifies most important strategic methods adopted by Dell including direct business model, Virtual integration, customization and customer focus and these strategies are detailed in order to examine how these strategies can help a business in its success path. This research work is an analysis of international strategy from the example of Dell. Dell has been considered to be a model and illuminating example for successful company with effective international strategies. Not just one strategy, but a number of strategies are virtually integrated in the business story of Dell. This research work identifies certain international management and marketing strategies of Dell including ‘go direct’, supply chain management, customer focus, customization and virtual integration. Dell’s ‘go direct’ model remains to be a powerful strategic tool that not only eliminates the middle men expenses, but, helps the company find and meet specific

Endangered species Essay Example for Free

Endangered species Essay The tiger being a native occupant of the Eastern and Southern Asia is endangered species. Six out of the nine subspecies of the tiger are endangered while the other three subspecies are already extinct according to the zoo attendant. The tiger species are endangered due to quite a number of reasons e. g. poaching, deforestation and fragmentation. This is to the fact that this wild cat likes only densely populated areas which pose greater risk for its survival. The tiger is being hunted for fur and destruction of habitat has reduced the tiger population in the wild. Research has established that at the start of the 20th century it was estimated that over 100000 tigers existed world over but their population has reduced greatly to about 2000 in the wild. Some research also suggests that it is even lower in numbers. Some major campaigns have been initiated world wide in order to conserve this specie e. g. the project tiger initiative in India; which has the largest population of tigers, has been on a campaign since 1973, initially spearheaded by Indira Gandhi. Fundamental accomplishments have been the establishment of over 25 well-monitored tiger reserves in reclaimed land where human development is not allowed. 2. Background information: The tiger as it is commonly known has the scientific name Panthera tigris. It is a member of the family Felidae the largest of the four big cats in the genus Panthera. More information about its classification is as follows: Kingdom: Animalia, Phylum: Chordata, Class: Mammalia, Order: Carnivora, Family: Felidae, Genus: Panthera, Species: P. tigris. And its subspecies are: P. t. tigris, Panthera tigris jacksoni, P. t. sumatrae, Panthera tigris altaica, Panthera ,tigris amoyensis, † Panthera tigris virgata, † P. t. balica, † P. t. sondaica. The last three sub species are extinct. It is a native of much of the Southern and Eastern Asia ands is an obligate carnivore and apex predator. It lives in various types of forests, including wet; evergreen; the deciduous forest, and the thorn forests and prefers denser vegetation. 3. The plan: One of the proposed plans to save this endangered species is to reclaim land occupied by people that were originally habitat for this animal, secondly there is need to introduce new and strict measures to curb the poaching menace to the animal species. The most endangered species are recommended for zoos in order to preserve them and prevent them from becoming extinct. It is more than evident that the Washington DC zoo is campaigning highly on the fact mission of saving this specie even though the zoo might not be able to accommodate all the endangered species of the animal. In order to be able to accomplish this, the zoo management has established a research centre that is dedicated to the well being and maintenance of the tiger. 5. Estimate cost It is better to recommend the animal to be breed in the wild than keeping it in the Zoo. This is so due to high cost of breeding in the Zoo and since it is a wild cat, being kept in the wild while monitoring their development is necessary and this is the work of the research institutions that have been established in the Zoo. 6. Conclusions: Since the major problem that this animal is experiencing is deforestation, poaching, and fragmentation. It is rather proper to take precautionary steps such as land reclamation by a forestation in deforested areas to allow the tiger to breed fully to increase in population.

Implementation of Purchase Orders Workflow Process

Implementation of Purchase Orders Workflow Process 2.2 Research questions Key research questions will be: How important is the implementation of the workflow process within the financial system (SAP)? What weakness or issues are evident in the current process in relation to purchases orders approvals? How efficient is the current approval process and how trustworthy? What are the most important activities the management can take to improve the current process? Does the companys DOA policy align with the current PO process? 2.3 Significance of the project SRG will benefit on having purchases orders workflow electronic process, include quicker, more efficient and correct procurement, enhancing overall supply chain visibility and competence and combined business processes. Technology is the main support for all business processes across modern corporations. Electronic process using available technology has become fundamental substance that creates, supports, and constrains the business processes in all most important organizations. (Sehgal V. , 2010) Understanding what is working in the current process what needs to be improved and the lessons learned from that understanding will guarantee that automation of purchase orders workflow process will improves operations management, creating a competitive advantage. For SRG the use of the workflow system for non-stock purchase orders approvals aids to guarantee that documents are managed and approved in a constant and effective routine. (Sehgal V. , 2010) Project related literature summary 3.1 Focus on MBA Specialization: Operation Management A literary review for this project has focussed on Operation Management, process design and analysis from the current MBA course. An initial understanding of the project subject is based on the textbook for Operations Management, Suresh N. Kumar, 2009 and Operations and Process Management; Principles and Practice for Strategic Impact, Slack, N, Brandon-Jones, A, Johnston, R Betts, A 2012. Monks, 2004 (cited on Suresh N. Kumar, 2009, p.9) outlines that Operations Management as the process whereby resources, flowing within a defined system, are collective and converted by a organized way to add value in accord with policies communicated by management. Recognition and constant valuation of process change are encouraged through an innovative situation. (Grover V, 2008). The Operations Management goals can be classified into customer service and resource Utilisation. (Suresh N. Kumar, 2009). Management by processes offers utensils which might improve and restructure workflow as they contemplate the requirements of the participants involved (customers, shareholders, staff, suppliers,). (Climent C, Mula, J Hernandez, 2009). Other areas in the literature consist of business process reengineering, Hammer and Champy (1993, p. 32), cited on (Wang W. Chan H K. Pauleen D, 2010) BPR is the important rethinking and essential redesign of business processes to accomplish improvements in critical existing procedures of performance, such as cost, quality, service, and speed. A preliminary list of relevant literature is referenced in section 7. Planned Methodology 4.1 Method This proposal is for a case of study to evaluate the implementation of purchase orders workflow process within financial system, using interviews for primary data as styled by Saunders. M. Lewis P Thornhill, 2016. Data Collection A rational methodology will be used to analyse the qualitative research method in conjunction with the existing literature. This project will attempt to deliver a best solution to the issue outlined. Thus, primary data will be collected from interviews with currents system users, managers and purchases orders requesters and creators. Secondary data will be collected from internal company documents such existing delegation of authority policy, current workflow for non-stock purchases orders approval, purchases orders documents created and approved in the last twelve months. A sequence of structure interviews having eight questions based on obtaining a better understanding of the current process will be conducted to allow qualitative data to be composed. Twenty (20) minutes interviews will be piloted with 6-8 employees (that includes purchases orders creator and approvers, purchases orders requestors, managers across the organization). Review and analysis of the interviews and documentation will give indication of current process weaknesses in order to provide relevant recommendations. 4.3 Process Ethical Considerations This project will fulfil with the requirements of ethical conduct of research defined in the project learning materials. Interviews will follow ethical rules and all interviewees will sign consent forms as per the AIB guidelines and National Statement on Ethical Conduct in Human Research 2007. This project will fall into the low risk as per the AIB project learning materials guidelines. Interview participants will be treated as per guidelines and will not be identified in the report. 5.1 Consent forms: The AIB Project Proposal Research Ethics Sheet is attached as appendix A. An executed organisational consent form is attached as appendix B Interviewees will be asked to provide their written consent using AIBs individual Consent form attached as Appendix C and will accompany the project draft. Schedule of Completion The author expectation is to complete this Project within three month from the date obtain an approval. Specific milestone are as follows: Literature review commence by 03 Jan 2017 Project Proposal submission by 19 Jan 2017 Data Research and Collection commences 13 Jan 2017 Writing of draft commences 30/01/2017 Submission of draft 27/03/2017 Submission of final project by 07/04/2017

The Negative Side of Affirmative Action :: Essays Papers

The Negative Side of Affirmative Action Affirmative Action†¦Is it positive or negative? â€Å"Remembering the Negative Side of Affirmative Action,† a reflection of the graduate college life and experience of Lisa Chavez, a Mexican American, is a strong article of the negative aspects of affirmative action. Published in the Chronicle of Higher Education in 2002, the article provides a somewhat modern approach or view to the controversial issue. Chavez’s article addresses her own personal experience of teaching a class filled with affirmative actions students, brought in from previous- offender’s programs. She provides details of the situations that she was placed in, and their effect of her teaching at that time and in the future. This article is a valuable example of a negative view on affirmative action. This article is very persuasive thanks in part to all of the direct evidence she provides. Chavez discusses her job offer to teach a college level English class to some immigrant and previous offenders that came from the local jail. I thought that affirmative action would extend a helping hand to those who might otherwise learn about available opportunities†¦I learned however, that affirmative action could be a double-edged sword, even though its intended beneficiaries.(1) This example gives the framework for the argument she is trying to present. The majority of these students were unwilling to learn and resulted in using negative gestures toward Chavez in order to â€Å"strict up a rise† with the other students. They took every chance to embarrass me, and I soon found out that open-ended writing assignments usually turned into fantasies of what they would like to do to me if they could get me alone sometime. (1) Chavez also explains the repercussions that the university was willing to hand down. The university was unwilling to discipline the students; they merely told Chavez to handle the problem herself. This left Chavez with no place to turn and limited ideas. Later Chavez tried to incorporate the student’s ethnic background with the lesson being taught. This leads to Chavez receiving threatening phone calls, and damages to her personal property. This evidence provides a more believable thought for the author’s argument. By using Pathos, or emotions, she appeals to her audience. By looking for sympathy, caused by all the bad events that had taken place, Chavez is able to grab the heartstrings of her audience.

Character of Penelope in Homers Odyssey Essays -- Homer, Odyssey Essa

The Character of Penelope in The Odyssey "My lady, there is no man in the wide world who could find fault with you. For your fame has reached broad heaven itself, like that of some illustrious king."(Page 289,Book 19, The Odyssey) Penelope played one of the most vital roles in Homer's timeless classic ‘The Odyssey’, as both Odysseus's patient and loving wife and as the Queen of Ithaca. Her great love for Odysseus is most powerfully shown with her persistence in waiting nineteen years for her husband to return over the ‘wine dark sea’ rather than losing all hope and marrying another. Penelope has a strong and constant character, and her personality changes very little throughout ‘The Odyssey’. Since there are so few mortal women featured in The Odyssey, Penelope can be perhaps seen as an ideal figure to represent all noblewomen within the Greek world. Although women were to the most part seen as possessions they could still be highly respec... ...assical Greek Art," pp. 29-58. Richard Brilliant, "Kirke's Men: Swine and Sweethearts," pp. 165-73. Helene Foley, "Penelope as Moral Agent," in Beth Cohen, ed., The Distaff Side (Oxford 1995), pp. 93-115. Homer. The Odyssey. Trans. Robert Fitzgerald. New York: Vintage Books, 1989. Marilyn Arthur Katz, Penelope's Renown: Meaning and Indeterminacy in the Odyssey (Princeton 1991). Nancy Felson-Rubin, Regarding Penelope: From Courtship to Poetics (Princeton 1994). Â  

Communication: Health Care and Electronic Medical Records

Communication Paper grading criteria located on the student website. There are a variety of communication modalities available to health care consumers and health care providers. These modalities and venues of communication may entail benefits and challenges to both consumers and providers. Select one communication modality used for marketing in health care. Write a 700- to 1,050-word paper about a communication modality used in health care. Include the following in your paper: Â · Identify one specific mode of communication used by consumers and health care providers, such as e-mail, a web-based forum, or electronic medical records. List and discuss the following: o One benefit to the patient o One aspect relating to the values and importance of maintaining patient confidentiality when using this mode of communication o One reason this mode is an effective means of communication between consumers and providers o How does this mode of communication differ from others? o How might me dia and social networking change communication in health care? o How is this mode of communication used to market health care products or services, if applicable? Include a minimum of three peer-reviewed references, not including the textbook. Format paper consistent with APA guidelines. EMR is an acronymn for Electronic Medical Records. This refers to a paperless, digital and computerized system of maintaining patient data, designed to increase the efficiency and reduce documentation errors by streamlining the process. Implementing EMR is a complex, expensive investment that has created a demand for Healthcare IT professionals and accounts for a growing segment of the healthcare workforce.

English Texts in Time Speech Manuscript Essay

As times change and transition into new eras and periods, one aspect remains constant, which are societal values due to the linearity of human nature. Similarities in the influences of the respective contexts of authors can be examined in texts that explore identical thematic concerns. Two authors and texts that can be used to demonstrate this include Mary Shelley’s didactic novel Frankenstein written in the early 19th century and, Ridley Scott’s film noir, Blade Runner (Directors Cut 1982). As though these two texts have been constructed in distinctive time periods, they share similar or juxtaposed content that convey parallel social values in both their cautionary tales.  By analyzing the congruent components embedded in characters or warnings in texts, it can be proven that societal norms are sustained even through the influence of distinctive time periods. In Frankenstein, Mary Shelley uses the protagonist Victor as a representation of how society values individuality. She creates the didactic element in the text by Victor’s interaction with Walton. â€Å"Learn from me, if not by my precepts, at least by my example how dangerous is the acquirement of knowledge† exhibits how Victor realizes that his ulterior motive was ethically wrong and wishes to demonstrate to his fellow companion that shares the same â€Å"madness†. Walton’s character is created for the purpose of being compared to Victor. As Victor is the only one who experiences these consequences of blind and obsessive ambition develops him into a unique character, which can be reflected upon Mary Shelley’s context of the enlightenment. The enlightenment is a romantic era in the 19th century, which emphasizes reason and individuality, which is exploited in the character of Victor. Similarly, Eldon Tyrell in Blade Runner produces artificial human beings, the â€Å"Replicants† all for the purpose of his dominance in a scientific based commerce. Because of this Tyrell is represented as a dominant and wealthy character despite his stature. This by far demonstrating his individuality, which is further emphasized in his contrast to every other character in the film. Filmic devices such as lighting support this; such as when Tyrell is brought to the scene, natural light illuminates his body, which juxtaposes every other character of the film. Low angle camera shots of Tyrell also represent his superiority. By his creation of artificial life along with the motto of â€Å"more human than human†, he has embellished an ironic element to the text. This ironic element is how these artificial human beings begin to behave in a more humane way than actual humans depicted in the text. Blade Runner’s comment on this is influenced by Ridley Scott’s context of globalization, which is a concept that leads to the eradication of individuality which is shown in the depiction of humans as a globalized society that has been identically merged.  Both texts utilize their characters to portray how society values individuality. The creature in Frankenstein has an obsession for vengeance and acceptance due to his constant alienation. Throughout the text he never finds a true sense of acceptance. Roy, as well as the other replicants however shares an obsession for attaining a prolonged life span. These desires and experiences that transpire in the two creations of selfish ambitions reflect the nature of humanity. The creature is a pure being as he enters the world space that Mary Shelley materializes. â€Å"I was benevolent and good, misery made me a fiend, make me happy and I shall again be virtuous† this use of alliteration conveys the monsters cause of maliciousness as his own misery. This misery is caused by his treatment by society and how prejudice they are based on appearance. This portrays how society judges based on aesthetics. This can be reflected upon Mary Shelley’s context of Aestheticism, which is a period of emphasis on aesthetical value. As the monster is continually called loathsome and hideous, we muster sympathy towards him in his desire for acceptance in which he is continually denied. Which reflects societies value of difference. Conversely in Blade Runner Roy Batty, is â€Å"perfect† but yet audiences still manifest sympathy towards him. This is because of his final state of agony before his death. Roy asks a rhetorical question in eloquent manner, â€Å"Quite an experience to live in fear isn’t it? That’s what it’s like to be a slave† which is the point of when the audience begin to pity him even with his disoriented state. As Roy’s last fellow being Pris is â€Å"retired† he expresses his emotions, another factor that humans lack in film. His emotions are expressed through a howl simulating a wolf, which acts as a symbol of isolation. The term â€Å"retired† instead of more appropriate words like murder or kill in terms of the replicants shows clear distinction of treatment based on difference. This further hyperbolizes the presence of the societies value of judgment and difference in both texts. The treatment of the ideas of denaturalization that is present in texts from different times can juxtapose each other but still reflect the same social value. Both Mary Shelley and Ridley Scott capture a sense of nature through the world space they create in their texts. Mary Shelley shows more of a realization to the importance and beauty of nature and how it can act as a place of tranquility. This is done by the characters interactions with nature and how it nurtures the individual. â€Å"My spirits were elevated by the enchanting appearance of nature; the past was blotted from my memory, the present was tranquil,† depicts the creatures encounter with nature and its benefits. It reflects how society values nature, in her context of the beginning of the industrial revolution. In contrast Ridley Scott presents the full pessimistic perspective of denaturalization by creating a dystopian world space. With a landscape that is completely devoid of nature, it implies how society values nature.  The treatments of nature by these two composers are complete inverse but they still both reflect the same societal value of denaturalization. Even with the disconnection between Mary Shelley and Ridley Scott, they both produce texts with reflections to different contexts but similar social values. Through the comparison of characters and warnings intertwined in both texts it can be demonstrated that as times change, societal values are sustained. Both composers’ representations of social values both are demonstrated through the characters, cautions and world spaces they convey in their texts.